Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Term welfare Essay Example for Free

Term welfare Essay Government benefits provided to people with little or no income are referred as welfare benefits. The term welfare can refer to a number of different programs in the United States, but often refer to cash assistance. In some cases, this money may be used however the recipient wishes. In others, the money can only be used for specific uses, such as food stamps that can only be used to buy groceries. The welfare state expands on this concept to include services such as universal healthcare and unemployment insurance. To what extent are welfare measures necessary in democratic countries ? What can be the abuses and how could we solutionate those 1/ the importance of welfare Health Care A primary advantages of welfare benefits is promoting the health of the people receiving the benefits Since there is a general correlation between income and health. People who have no income and no health care will, statistically, live shorter and less healthy lives than people who have enough income to buy proper food and to pay for medical care. Support for Children While many adults are able to make choices about how much income they choose to earn, children cant . Children must generally rely on the money that their parents are able to make. Welfare payments, particularly those that are directed for the care of children, allow children to grow up with better nutrition, medical care and possessions that make for a more comfortable standard of living. Lower Crime The provision of welfare has been shown to lower crime. Although some may argue that welfare constitutes a bribe, providing people with some income takes away an incentive to commit property crimes designed to provide the person with money or property. Welfare alleviates some of an individuals economic need, thereby lowering crime and increasing the general stability of society as a whole. Income Distribution Another advantage of welfare benefits is that it more evenly distributes a societys wealth. Some many consider this a benefit in itself. However, others may consider providing money to people who did not earn it to be unfair. There is, according to Arnold, a demonstrated correlation between income distribution in a society and that societys stability. Societies with greater inequities in wealth generally suffer more social and political turmoil. Social welfare programs today provide assistance to the elderly, the unemployed, the disabled and the destitute. While these may at first glance appear to be noble undertakings, there are some who suggest there are disadvantages of the programs, both to the individual and to society as a whole. Among some of the majors disadvantages suggested is the high cost of these programs. Opponents of social welfare programs often argue that governments simply cannot sustain the cost of providing financial support to so many elements of society. Between 1984 and 2002, social welfare programs, including Social Security and Medicare, accounted for between 49 and 60 percent of federal government spending. Disincentive Pointing to Harvard University Professor of Economics Gregory Manikws 10 Principles of Economics, opponents suggest social welfare programs, particularly for the underemployed or unemployed, create disincentives for people to find gainful employment. Manikw asserts that people respond to incentives. For example, they work because there is an incentive to earn an income and support themselves. Social welfare programs risk removing this incentive by providing income for someone who is not working or who is unwilling to work, meaning they no longer have a need to produce. Sponsored Links Modà ¨les de Lettre Tous modà ¨les de lettres et documents sur lettres.net lettres.net Economic Impact According to Mankiw, a societys standard of living is dependent on its ability to produce goods efficiently. More workers producing more goods increases the economic output of a society, thereby increasing the amount of income. When people lose the incentive to produce, the nations productivity goes down and income decreases. This can in turn increase the burden on governments to support the welfare system and result in ever higher costs. When governments print too much money, the rate of inflation increases, raising the price of goods for everyone. Government Control Many opponents of social welfare programs suggest these programs create circumstances in which governments gain too much control over individual citizens. Citizens who rely on government programs for income and sustenance are in a position to allow government to have more say in their individual choices. Opponents argue that social programs allow governments to impose rules on day-to-day choices of welfare recipients because the government is paying for the services. Proponents further argue that even if government does not currently impose such rules, they may assert their ability to do so in the future.

Psycho Dynamic Model of Abnormality Essay Example for Free

Psycho Dynamic Model of Abnormality Essay Psychodynamic model of abnormality- the Oral, Anal and Phallic stages of development. Freud suggested that psychological development in childhood takes place in a series of stages that occur throughout fixed periods of time, his theory suggests children develop though psychosexual stages which involve conflict which must be resolved. The Oral stage: This is the first stage of development which occurs at the age of 0-1 years. In this stage the mouth is the source of pleasure for the libido, at this age babies tend to gain comfort by doing things such as biting and chewing toys, breastfeeding etc. Feud also believed that oral stimulation could lead to oral fixation later on in life, for example behaviours such as smoking, biting nails etc. The Anal stage: This stage of development occurs at the age of 1-3 years. The child is now aware that their wishes and needs can bring them into conflict with the demands of the outside world indicating that an ego has developed. In this stage the libido is focused on the anal source of pleasure, conflict tends to come to a head in potty training when parent’s restrictions and going to the toilet in the right place at the right time are imposed on the child, Freud believed over strictness about forcing the child during potty training and cleanliness can cause anal fixation and obsessive behaviour later on in life. The Phallic stage: This stage of development occurs at the age of 3-6 years. Feud suggested that at this stage children become aware of their genitals and the libido is focused on this idea, suggesting that the child becomes aware of emotions such as jealousy, rivalry and fear and erotic attraction. This stage also focuses on the Oedipus and Complex’s. These behavioural types of development were suggested by Freud, the Oedipus complex which focuses on boy’s behaviour and desire to parents, and the Electra complex focussing on girl’s behaviour and desire towards parents. The Oedipus complex: Freud suggested that during the phallic stage young boys and girls go through a stage of desire for their parents, the Oedipus complex outlines the idea that boys develop strong desire for mother, they then Notice a strong bond between parents and Become jealous of father and afraid of the father who might discover the boys true feelings and fearing the punishment of castration is Resolved by identifying with the father. The Electra complex: During the stages of this complex Freud suggested that briefly, the girl desires the father but discovers she does not have a penis which leads to penis envy she then blames mother for her lack and transfer’s love from mother to father, the feelings are then repressed and Resolved by the girl Identifying with mother to become like her.

Monday, January 20, 2020

An analysis of the relationship between the hospitality culture and employees in China :: Business, Organization

According to Adelman et al. (1994); Bitner(1990); King (1985); King and Garey (1997),former research on service management have not considered the influence of culture on provide the service from staff. Tsang (2011) state that hospitality culture were focused on researches in recent years in China. Hospitality culture is not only very important for the hospitality industry, but also very significant for employees. In addition, hospitality culture is involved four factors: materials culture, behaviors culture, spiritual culture and rules culture. The key point of hospitality culture is spiritual culture, because this can determine the value of other cultures in the hospitality organization. Why hospitality culture so significant? There is some evidences to prove that hospitality culture is significant to the hotel organization. The First aspect, hospitality culture can improve the hotel services level and increase the turnover level. Mattila (1999) and Stauss and Mang (1999) argued that the customer estimate the service would depend on hospitality culture.The hotel has strict discipline to manage the staff, and staff must comply with the institutions during their working time. According to Martin and Lundberg(1991), Bennigan's is a America restaurant chain, it created research to find out why consumers did not come to their restaurants. The consequence is that only 15 per cent of consumers did not satisfied with the food, but 67 per cent of the consumers are dissatisfied with the staff's attitude. For instance, customers receive satisfying services, so they will remember these services and want to receive those services again next time. Although this is not enough to evaluate the results of a hotel service, it can make a good impression in customers’ minds. Secondly, it is not easy to fail the hotel have good culture in the strong competition of the hospitality industry. Nowadays, more and more businesses are focusing on hotels, so the hotel industry is face with fierce competition. When hotels have the same level of facilities,and hotel culture is the key point to estimate the hotel services. In addition, hotel culture can improve the position in the same industry. Hospitality culture and employees influence on each other. On the one hand, hospitality culture has some advantages and disadvantages to affect employees. At first, it can promote the skills of employees, because the hospitality lay out to train the employees’ skills. Shames and Glover (1988) claimed that human interaction and communication are involved in service experience as same as a social experience.

What is Post-Modernism? Essay -- Philosophy, Modernism

What is Post-Modernism? The aim of this essay is to explain how Post-Modernism has influenced our contemporary built environment and explain what other movements have derived from it. I would argue that Post-Modernism is a worldwide movement in all arts and disciplines. A definition of postmodernism will provide a better understanding of the trend that would show how it is relevant to contemporary culture and important for the future. Postmodernism became an important movement right after the Second World War, and the movement spread around Europe and North America during the early 20th century. According to Malpas, S. (2005, p.12) Postmodernism, focus on style and methods of representation, and is often interpreted as a successor to modernism. Similar to Architecture, postmodernism influenced all kind of art such as: Art, music, theatre, literature, dance and even photography. In the work of Best, S. and Kellner, D. â€Å"Postmodern turn† (1997, p.152) they state that postmodern architecture was a particular reaction to the aesthetics and as they describe â€Å"Philosophical assumptions† of the International Style. This is because one believes that the International style was refusing to incorporate the architectural forms of previous generations as if they were trying to detach themselves from the past. In contrary Best, S. and Kellner, D. (1997, p.153) claim that postmodernism returns to the past to combine and play with different styles, it embraces it for its rich symbolic and stylistic sources. In contrast to modernism, which rejects history. Postmodernist retuned to the past because they believed that we shouldn’t forget about our past, especially with what happen during the Second World War. So architects believe... ... If they try to sort out problems within the form of the building there it a chance that certain parts of the building with have no function, or the other way round. If they try to solve the problem of certain function in the building, then there is a chance that the form or the build might not have a standard form. He continues by stating, â€Å" we know longer argue the precedence of form or function, we cannot deny their interdependence†. Complexity of a program has often accompanied simplicity of form like early Le Corbusier. More recent explanation for the simplicity in architecture, are various expansions of Mies Van der Rohe, contradictory â€Å"Less is more†. In response to Mies van der Rohe’s famous proclamation, Venturi replied: â€Å"Less is a bore.† Above all, Copeland (1983, p.39) claims Venturi pits himself against the modernists’ obsession with purity.

Sunday, January 12, 2020

Innovative Hr Practices by Organisation Across Different Sectors

Innovative HR Practices by Organisation across Different Sectors Introduction Companies are taking up people-related initiatives as there is a need to manage human resources advantageously, so as not to lose the competitive edge in talent that they have built. In managing their human resources, companies have time and again focused on values, invested in personnel, emphasized on meritocracy and consequently attaining excellence in HR processes. Innovative Practices of Recruitment and Selection * Second career Internship Program: Tata SCIP was launched in March 2008 on International Women’s Day . It is a career transition management programme for women professionals who have taken a break of 1-8 years for any reason, and wish to re-enter the professional space. * Holding on to the employees Quatrro BPO Solutions has nurtured a concept of keeping in touch with high performers who leave the concern and hone in them, whenever they want to come back. * Making use of pre hiring Process: Genpact, the BPO pioneer, uses a pre-hiring process to aid in arresting attrition. The organisation brings people before they join, and have them look at the workplace. If the people choose to join, that reduces potential attrition. * Checking the Profile on Social Networking Sites: Organisations are pursing the candidate’s profile on sites such as Face book and LinkedIn. Once a candidate applies, his social behavior is traced. The persons social Skills decide if he fits the job. This practice has also started in India. Innovative practices of Reward and Recognition In today’s competitive world, rewards and recognition plays an important role in motivating and retaining employees. Rewards and recognition is an important part in every HR plan these days. Rewarding the high performing and motivating others to become such is becoming mandatory in IT & BPO industry. 1. Giving Store Vouchers like Shoppers stop, life style etc. 2. Giving cash prizes. 3. Giving articles (wide range of durables as per the level of performance). 4. Organizing holiday trips. 5. Article Gifting Innovative Practices of Motivation Giving Freebies Every weekend, people working at Coco-Cola India’s Gurgan Head quarters received for liters of company beverages free in a program called weekend funda * Providing Dependent Insurance The biggest employee benefit, HSBC provided to its employees was 100% hospitalization benefit for employees Spouse and children. * Offering Stock Options iGate is among a few firms, that has continued to offer stock options to its employe es. There are longterm investment measures for weeding, families, even retirement. Making use of Music Raymond Limited Hosted Music events to its employees. Dream Circle is a group of people with different skill set who play percussion instrument in freestyle but produce a harmonized rhythm in the end. * Treating as Guest: At Marriot Hotels India, The employee usually join the hotel in the batches. The hotel grates six off days every month, something uncommon for the hotel industry and there is also excellent system of compensatory off, * Launching Employee Assistance Program HSBC initiated the Employee Assistant Program(EAP) to assist in coping with trauma and stress post 26/11. Innovative Practices of cost Cutting * Offering Sabbatiacal Package * Offering VRS * Compulsory Leaves Innovative Practices of Traning * Providing Classroom Curriculam * Empowering Young Executives * Encouraging a culture of Innovation * Watching Film Conclusion To conclude, it can be said that those companies that have invested considerable time and resource in building a solid human capital management foundation are better positioned to weather the strom.

What Makes Us Human

Anthropologists say that we are humans because of evolution. The portion of DNA that is responsible for the structure of proteins is 99. 4% common in humans and chimpanzees. Anthropologists say that we are humans because of evolution. The portion of DNA that is responsible for the structure of proteins is 99. 4% common in humans and chimpanzees. The dictionary says that human beings are individuals of the genus Homo, or more specifically, Homo sapiens. That only answers the anthropological aspect of what makes us human.Paul Bae also takes the anthropological stance on humankind saying that â€Å"Changes caused by evolution and time make us human. † When asked what separates humans from animals, he replied saying â€Å"human minds are more developed than animals, allowing humans to be at the top of the food chain. † Psychologists say a distinctive quality in humans is the cognitive process. The cognitive process is a demonstration of the central ability humans possess th at define us. More simply, it is our ability to think and make decisions. The brain plays the most crucial part in the cognitive process.The part of the brain that differentiates the human brain from brains of other species’ is the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex controls senses, thoughts, language and memory. The brain plays the most crucial part in the cognitive process. The part of the brain that differentiates the human brain from brains of other species’ is the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex controls senses, thoughts, language and memory. Aaron Marentette agrees with psychologists and says â€Å"The thing that makes us humans is our ability to make smart choices and just choices in general. When he was asked the question of what difference there is between humans and animals, he responded, saying â€Å"The difference is that we have undergone evolution and therefore, have become more civil. † Finally, sociologists say that the factor that makes humans human is culture. Culture is simply the ideas, abilities, and behaviours people have acquired to become members of society. Culture is always evolving in society and the world and it mainly unique to the human species. Above: Culture plays a huge part in shaping humans.Culture affects how we treat each other and interact. Above: Culture plays a huge part in shaping humans. Culture affects how we treat each other and interact. Below: Culture is specific to humans. Animals indicate SOME aspects of culture but it is ingrained by genetic programming. Humans can change their environment and pass the changes onto their children. Below: Culture is specific to humans. Animals indicate SOME aspects of culture but it is ingrained by genetic programming. Humans can change their environment and pass the changes onto their children.Max Nascimento believes that we are human because â€Å"humans have free will and have the ability to conquer anything we envision. † His thoughts on th e variation between humans and animals are that â€Å"animals walk on four legs, act on instinct, and don’t have a conscience. † All three answers to what makes us human are correct. Evolution made us human through changes in DNA. The cognitive process made us human through our ability to problem solve and think. And finally culture shaped us into the social beings we are. They are all factors that affect humans and differentiate us from any other living species on this planet.

Saturday, January 4, 2020

My Personal Goal As A Future Teacher - 812 Words

My personal goal as a future teacher is to encourage and challenge students as they develop their learning skills. Teaching young intellects is a significant undertaking and cannot be taken unconscientiously. It is filled with many frustrations, challenges and responsibilities. However, it is a job that is very rewarding one that is filled with pleasure, admiration and excitement. Every child is capable of learning and will do so in their distinct style. As a result, it is imperative to learn each student s learning style, likes, dislikes, hobbies and interests. Building relationships with every student is important. By learning more about them individually I am able to provide suitable opportunities for authentic learning experiences. I want to teach students in a straightforward, direct interaction but also give students the room to grow and expand on their own. At the beginning of the school year, it is understandable that I will lead class discussions, but towards the end of the year, students will pose their own questions and will answer them independently. I feel it is beneficial for students to some times work for the answer rather than being told because it stretches their knowledge and teaches them how to find information in a variety of ways. I also feel a key to success is for the class to work on projects to help others. As an educator, it is important not only to help the students that you are teaching but also give them direction to help others. I alsoShow MoreRelatedA Teacher s View On The Purpose Of Schooling989 Words   |  4 PagesAs an educator, it is important to have a personal teaching philosophy based on your beliefs. It also helps you to keep the focus on what your goals are as an educator and the way you plan to integrate those goals into your teaching. 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However, there were teachers there at all times to push me to become a betterRead MoreMy Personal Goals Of My Life923 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough a lot in my time being here on this planet. Change of dreams, loss of family, life changing moments, coming to realization of certain things and cutting people out of my life. I would not be who I am today if I did not go through everything that I have gone through, so in the end, I am happy I went through those things in life. My personal goal is to honestly just be genuinely happy with life. I know that is a clichà © statement, but that’s my goal. I want to live life to my fullest and love

A Advertisement On The Advertising - 907 Words

Everyone remembers Christmas morning, running downstairs to open up the perfectly wrapped gifts. Christmas is surrounded with great memories and warm, happy feelings, this advertisement is trying to capture those feelings with the warm red colors and Santa Clause’s heartwarming smile as he enjoys a Pall Mall cigarette. Pall Mall’s advertisement is trying to promote their cigarette’s using a classic concept to convince readers to purchase their product. The advertisement does this with the cool red colors, the company’s use of Santa Clause, and lastly play of words used in the quotes on the advertisement. When I first laid my eyes on the advertisement, I saw the warm, inviting colors red and white. When I saw the red and white colors I automatically assumed Christmas time. The next thing my eyes were drawn to was the image of Santa Clause smoking a Pall Mall cigarette. The warm, jolly expression on his face fits in perfectly with the quote listed at the top of the advertisement, â€Å"Guard against throat scratch enjoy the smooth smoking of fine tobaccos†. The advertisement is using Santa Clause to endorse their product because he is a classic, meaning he is very well known around the world. My attention was then directed to the pack of cigarettes that on the box states, â€Å"Famous Cigarettes†. With the product being Pall Mall cigarettes the target audience would range from the age of eighteen years old on up. This is the chosen target audience because the legal smoking age in theShow MoreRelatedAdvertisement Analysis : Advertising And Advertising1903 Words   |  8 PagesAdvertisements are and have been a staple for businesses that are trying to sell a product or service throughout modern history. Whether the product is a physical item or a service like a lifestyle, experience or knowledge. 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Logically, the conflict betweenRead MoreAdvertising Advertisements And Body Image1645 Words   |  7 Pagesguidance note, approved by the EASA Board in 2009, is designed to assist the advertising industry and SROs in ensuring that women and men continue to be portrayed positively and responsibly in advertising. History - WOMEN IN ADVERTISEMENTS AND BODY IMAGE Authors have also attempted to correlate various demographic variables such as age and education, as well as geographic variables with preferences for role portrayals in advertising. Through the ages men have been considered to be financial providers,Read MoreAdvertisements And The Internet Of American Advertising1146 Words   |  5 PagesAdvertisements and The Internet â€Å"Burn it up and Flush it out !† The prominent Kim Kardashian commercial regarding the weight loss supplement, QuickTrim aired on television years ago, in order to display that it is easy to have one’s dream body in a blink of an eye through one commercial. This method of twisting the truth is then applied when a person logs onto Twitter a few hours later and sees pictures of the Kardashian sisters posing and showing off their bodies, the ones that they achieved simply